How bitumen is produced from crude oil?

 

Bitumen is a highly viscous and dense form of petroleum that is produced from crude oil. It is typically found in natural deposits or obtained as a by-product of the refining process. The production of bitumen from crude oil involves several steps, which are as follows:

Extraction: The first step in the production of bitumen is the extraction of crude oil from the ground. This is typically done using drilling rigs and other equipment, and the crude oil is usually extracted from deep underground reservoirs.

Separation: Once the crude oil is extracted, it is transported to a refinery where it is processed to separate the different components. This involves heating the crude oil and passing it through a series of distillation columns, where the lighter components are separated from the heavier ones.

Upgrading: After separation, the heavy components of the crude oil, including bitumen, are further processed through a process called upgrading. This involves breaking down the heavy molecules into smaller ones through thermal cracking, hydrocracking, or other methods.

Blending: The final step in the production of bitumen involves blending the upgraded bitumen with other materials to achieve the desired properties. This can include the addition of additives such as polymers, solvents, and other substances to improve the quality and consistency of the final product.

Overall, the production of bitumen from crude oil is a complex process that involves multiple steps and technologies. The final product is an important material that is used in a variety of applications, including road construction, roofing, and waterproofing.